First we would to thank George Simon Ohm for making the Ohm's law! 

Georg Simon Ohm  (German: 16 March 1789 – 6 July 1854) was a German physicist and mathematician. As a school teacher, Ohm began his research with the new electrochemical cell, invented by Italian scientist Alessandro Volta. Using equipment of his own creation, Ohm found that there is a direct proportionality between the potential difference (voltage) applied across a conductor and the resultant electric current. This relationship is known as Ohm's law.

Ohm’s law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor.

So we have 3 variables in that description which is Voltage(V) , Current(I) and Resistance(R)


So we have this formula

For Current calculation

For Resistance calculation

 Two extreme possible values of R:
An element with R=0 is called short circuit. A short circuit element with resistance approaching zero.

An element with R = ∞ is called open circuit. An open circuit is a circuit element with resistance approaching infinity.

Conductance is the ability of an element to conduct electric current; it is measured in mhos ( ) or siemens (S). 


 The formula is a Reciprocal of Resistance(R)

 Learnings: I learn that we have to assign what loop are we going to use ( If it us clockwise or counter clock wise) and what sign convention ( + or - ) I have to follow. I decided that if enters the positive(+) polarity and leaves the negative (-), I will use the negative polarity. I also learn that Resistance(R) and Conductance(G) are positive quantities, thus Power is always positive. R absorbs power from the circuit ( Passive Element)

Watch this video to know more about Ohm's Law

Just like in every subject we start with the basics 

An Electric Circuit is an interconnection of electrical elements. Which means current will not flow if one of the basic electrical elements is missing

These are the basic electrical elements I learned:

3 Basic Electrical Element 

1.)Load -You need a load. A load could be  anything from a single resistor to a whole network of resistors,a lamp or lamps, a television, a radio, a clothes dryer or any other home appliances, etc.


 2.)Power Source - You need a power source that has a voltage any other home appliances, etc. You need a power source that has a voltage or your home electricity service, a solar panel, a generator, etc.

And Last

3.)Conductor - You need wiring to connect the power source to the load or loads.


We also tackled about the circuit elements and the  Elements are:

• Active Elements - Capable of generating energy

(Ex. batteries , generators, etc)

• Passive Elements - Absorbs energy

(Ex. resistors, capacitors and inductors)

I have also learned that a generator can be  active or passive but it depends on how it is connected :)

• Voltage and current sources - the most important active elements

There are two Types of Source :

• Independent Source- does not depend to elements to supply voltage or current

• Dependent Source- reverse of independent which depends to elements to supply voltage or current 

And we solved some basic problems on how to get the current flowing and charge flowing of a device.
After that we had a quiz and we were like

 

haha! but I think we were prepared so we will wait for the result ;) 

Series and parallel circuits

Components of an electrical circuit or electronic circuit can be connected in many different ways. The two simplest of these are called series and parallel and occur very frequently. Components connected in series are connected along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components. Components connected in parallel are connected so the same voltage is applied to each component




Series Circuit

Series circuits are sometimes called current-coupled or daisy chain-coupled. The current in a series circuit goes through every component in the circuit. Therefore, all of the components in a series connection carry the same current. There is only one path in a series circuit in which the current can flow.



Example for an Series Circuit

Current in Series is the same for all Elements!!

Voltage drops across the resistors must add up to the total voltage supplied by the battery.

Ohm's Law formula  (V = I R), then

Since the current in series are the same we will use this formula

Resistor in series or in one path add up also but it depends in on its polarity and sign convention you are following.

Parallel circuits

If two or more components are connected in parallel they have the same potential difference (voltage) across their ends. The potential differences across the components are the same in magnitude, and they also have identical polarities. The same voltage is applicable to all circuit components connected in parallel. The total current is the sum of the currents through the individual components, in accordance with Kirchhoff’s current law.


Example of a Parallel Circuit

Voltage in series are equal!

but the Current add up!

Formula in R(equivalent or the total of resistors) in parallel

Learnings:

In our discussion our professor introduce us the two different techniques the Voltage Division and the Current Division at first I had difficulties because I was used to solved the three elements(V, I , R) in a wild way or "Matiyaga" , wild way for me means when I solve problems  first I  have to make all resistor series so I  draw step by step until one resitor is left(Requivalent) so imagine if I solve complicated circuits, 2nd I will solve from down to up to get the elements and sometimes I will get all elements to check if my calculation were correct like i1 to i10 or v1 to v10 and in our last assignment some of my classmates complain because they can't copy or  understand the way I solve  but I arrive in the correct answer in the book.hahaha. 

Example in Voltage division

 Current Division

These are just basic circuits but practice makes perfect!


Hard work, Work, hard work, work, 
hard work Work!!!